HCB Chapter 1367 A shocking financial war!
Chapter 1367 A shocking financial war!
When Yang Ming first emerged in Xiangjiang, under the leadership of the two big brothers Germany and F, the eight member states of the European Economic Community established the European Monetary System.
Because there are 8 countries with different currencies and different economic strengths, if they directly join the euro, it will inevitably cause economic turmoil for each economy, so we first establish an initial exchange rate link between the currencies of various countries.
Therefore, the first step is to fix the exchange rates of each country's currency with each other and float them together against the US dollar.
As a result, the following regulations came into being. Each currency is only allowed to float within a certain exchange rate range. Once it exceeds the prescribed exchange rate floating range, the central bank of each member country must intervene in the market by buying and selling its own currency within the prescribed exchange rate floating range. The currencies of member states can float relative to the currencies of other member states, because West Germany was the most powerful economy at the time. The exchange rate between the currencies of each member state was anchored by the West German Mark, which stabilized the country's currency exchange rate within a specified range. within.
1Y country announced to join the European Monetary System.
It was announced that the upper limit of the pound-to-mark exchange rate is 3.1320 marks, the lower limit is 2.7780 marks, and the central exchange rate is 2, which is about 6%.
That night, the European Community issued a statement welcoming the fact that it was finally together with the whole of Europe, but this itself was a false start.
All because the pound was already overvalued at this time.
At the economic level, country Y is on the verge of recession at this time, and inflation has been soaring. In one year, the CPI has risen from 5% to 8%. High interest rates seem to be ineffective in dealing with high inflation, but instead increase the risk of economic recession. So we are caught in a dilemma: if we keep interest rates high, the Great Depression is inevitable, but if we cut interest rates, we can't stand inflation.
Country Y urgently needs to cut interest rates and release funds to stimulate the economy, but it is worried that this will lead to the depreciation of the pound and capital outflows, which will trigger a financial and economic crisis.
Therefore, they placed their hope on using external forces and chose to join the exchange rate mechanism of the European Monetary System to stabilize the pound exchange rate and control inflation. After joining the EMS, Country Y immediately announced an interest rate cut of 1%.
Facts have proved that the people of country Y are still very cunning. After joining EMS, the cpi of country Y dropped significantly.
The signing of the Treaty of Maastricht by 12 countries of the Continental Community marked the re-advancement of the euro and the determination to unify the European continent with the euro.
In fact, the establishment of the euro was indeed a bumpy road. It was established to challenge the US dollar, and the people of China would definitely not agree to it.
The economic weakness at this time made it impossible for the pound to maintain its overvalued exchange rate.
However, because of joining the European Monetary System, the pound must be pegged to the mark, and there is a lower limit, so it can only float within the limits of the exchange rate mechanism, and its hands are tied.
We are in a dilemma. If the pound depreciates, it is very likely to exceed the lower limit of the exchange rate, and it will leave the European monetary system, declaring the failure of country Y's foreign exchange policy, and losing popular support.
If the pound does not depreciate, the exchange rate will be overvalued, and capital will vote with its feet, foreign exchange reserves will continue to bleed, and the consequences will be serious.
Country Y chose to carry it to death.
All this was seen by Soros, the financial giant in history. According to Soros's Quantum Fund's research on Country Y, it was believed that Country Y's economic downturn required interest rate cuts and stimulus measures.
As an important institution that ensures market stability, the Bank of England is the backbone of Country Y's financial system and has extremely rich market experience and strong strength.
Before this, no one had dared to challenge Optimus Prime of Country Y, or even thought about it. However, Soros decided to do something that no one had ever done before, shake the so-called strong pillar of Country Y to test how stable it is.
1 To support the construction of East Germany, country D needs a large amount of capital to enter. And because the infrastructure project is in full swing and inflation is gaining momentum, people in country D urgently need to raise interest rates to keep funds at home and suppress inflation.
The linked exchange rate of European countries is the pound against the mark of country D. There are upper and lower limits. People in country Y need to cut interest rates to stimulate the economy, and people in country D need to raise interest rates. This creates a huge contradiction. If the pound does not depreciate, funds will continue to flow into country D. , which has brought extremely adverse effects to the market of country Y, which is itself in recession.
As time went by, people in country Y began to be unable to stand it anymore and asked the federal bank of country D to lower interest rates. However, countries always put their own interests first. People in country D were worried that cutting interest rates would lead to domestic inflation and may trigger an economic collapse. , directly rejected Country Y’s request. Country D not only rejected the Seven-nation Summit’s request for an interest rate cut, but instead raised it to 8.75%.
In the opinion of domestic experts and business elites, Country Y's stubborn spirit of maintaining a high exchange rate is unsustainable. However, Country Y has repeatedly reiterated that it insists on maintaining its current policy unchanged, and Country Y has the ability to keep the pound within the European exchange rate system.
Although Soros is convinced that country Y cannot maintain its position in the European exchange rate system, the people of country Y are just bluffing.
At this moment, on the other side of the Atlantic, Soros and other speculators have been increasing the size of their positions in the past few months in preparation for a sniper attack on the pound.
Their specific operating methods are as follows. They use mutual funds and multinational companies that have long-term arbitrage operations in the market to first buy large amounts of weak currencies such as the pound and the Italian lira, and then wait for the fluctuations in market sentiment to amplify the sentiment that is bearish on the pound. , adding fuel to the flames, waiting until market sentiment reaches its extreme, then selling weak European currencies in large quantities and quickly to make profits!
After country D's 1 rose to 8.75%, the market sentiment changed, causing a wave of selling of pounds and lira in the foreign exchange market and rush to buy marks. The pound-to-mark exchange rate fell from 25 to 2.85 to 2.7. An urgent order was issued to buy. 3.3 billion pounds stabilized the exchange rate, and the Bank of England successfully exerted the power of Great Britain's magic needle.
Although the British pound and the lira continue to be unfavorable, they are both big countries. If Soros directly confronts Country Y, he may not be able to win easily.
The blitzkrieg began. In Finland, an inconspicuous small Nordic country, after country D raised interest rates, Finnish people exchanged Finnish marks for country D marks. By September, the exchange rate of Finnish marks against country D marks continued to fall. According to European countries have linked exchange rate rules. In order to maintain a rigid exchange rate, the Finnish central bank sold a large amount of country D marks and bought Finnish marks.
But cannon fodder is destined to be cannon fodder.
The Finnish blue couldn’t hold on any longer, plummeted, and decoupled from the D country mark. From this point of view, it is still necessary to watch more news and be cautious. The Finnish blue people who put oil on their feet and exchanged the mark first successfully saved themselves.
At that time, Britain and France felt that something was wrong, so they suggested to Germany to lower interest rates. However, the minds of people in country D were as incapable of turning as their highways. They believed that the decoupling of the Finnish blue mark was insignificant. Country D was even in the country. Country D would not lower interest rates. It was precisely The connivance of country D has led the market to believe that the linked exchange rate system is in big trouble, and the powerful country D does not seem to be interested in meddling in its own affairs.
Soros, the big shark, seemed to smell the smell of blood, and speculators from all walks of life swarmed in with red eyes!
They launched an attack on the Italian lira.
Not only are Italians unable to fight, the exchange rate is also a mess. In one day, it plummeted by 7 points, approaching the lower limit of the linked exchange rates of European countries. Italy is different from Finland. It is a famous economic power in southern Europe. It is the lira of Italy. The plunge shook the world.
By this time, if country D does not take action, the European monetary system is about to collapse. The central bank of country D lowers the discount rate by half a percentage point, from 8.75% to 8.25%. Country D's move was welcomed by Britain and France.
But it's too late!
Country D’s interest rate hike in July is like a butterfly flapping its wings, and the storm caused by the butterfly is about to blow up in Country Y’s financial market.
On the second day after country D announced an interest rate cut, interest rates fell all the way, and the pound-to-mark exchange rate hit three lines of defense in a row, reaching 1 pound to 2.78 marks.
The plummeting pound sterling put country Y into chaos. People in country Y asked country D for help again, but people in country D ignored him at all.
Country Y seems to be unable to withstand it at this time.
The most important battle for Soros in history seems to be about to begin.
However, Soros ignored one person.
Yang Ming.
Sir Yang, Chairman of Imperial Group.
Many years ago, Yang Ming began to plan and plot the Soros war triggered by the pound crisis.
Yang Ming has been making preparations, waiting for Soros and others to enter the cage.
The current weather in London in September is that the temperature is still 20 degrees Celsius during the day and 10 degrees Celsius at night.
During the day, it's still very comfortable.
At this time, in a private estate in a small town on the outskirts of London.
In addition to Yang Ming, Li Jiaxin, Zhou Huimin, Li Zi, and Ah Zhu, people like Lin Xiuzhi, He Chaoluo and others are very busy now.
Now Yang Ming is sunbathing there with a little girl about ten years old.
This little girl is none other than Yang Baozhu, the eldest daughter of Yang Ming and Deng Lijun, and his first eldest daughter.
The faces of Yang Baozhu and Teresa Teng are somewhat similar, but they are completely similar and they are still taller.
Yang Baozhu is now in primary school.
However, people like Li Jiaxin, Zhou Huimin, Li Zi and others were very surprised. This was the first time they saw Yang Ming's daughter. They didn't expect that she was already so old.
Thinking about it, I think it's quite normal. Now that Yang Ming is in his thirties, how could he not have children?
Li Jiaxin may have guessed that Sir Yang has more than one child, but the outside world does not know it. Even Sir Yang did not leave the child in Xiangjiang.
"Daddy, I have to go back to class later."
Yang Baozhu attends an aristocratic private elementary school. Apart from her yellow appearance, no one else actually knows her identity. Except for the principal, even the teachers don't know her identity.
This is also to protect her from outside interference.
It is impossible that Yang Baozhu likes art. This may really be influenced by Teresa Teng's inheritance.
"Baozhu, then get ready to go to school."
After Yang Ming came from Moscow, Country D, and Berlin, Country D, he stayed in London. In addition to meeting Yang Baozhu, he also met Yang Tuoye and other children.
Of course, my favorite is the eldest daughter Yang Baozhu.
Yang Baozhu followed the maid to prepare to change into school uniforms, and then took the car back to Noble Private Elementary School.
Zhou Huimin, Li Zi, and Li Jiaxin watched the eldest daughter of the Yang family leave.
At this time, the three women didn't know whether it was envy or something else.
In the afternoon.
Yang Ming left the private manor where Yang Baozhu lived and returned to his private manor.
Just got back there.
At this time, Lin Xiuzhi, He Chaoluo and others were busy.
Now many people are watching Soros and other international financial speculators' final battle against Country Y's pound.
Yang Ming was waiting to close the net.
He had been laying it out for years.
For financial giants like Soros, he is ready to give them a hard blow to make them afraid and intimidated, even out of fear of him.
In fact, it is very similar to the machine.
It's just that now is Soros's test of the waters.
Unexpectedly, historically, it was because of this victory that Soros had been preparing for the subsequent Asian financial crisis in history.
Every opponent has weaknesses.
What's more, Yang Ming has been preparing for this time for so many years.
This time, he does not need to contact anyone else. With the Imperial Group's strong reserve funds, he can deal with Soros and those international financial speculators.
"gentlemen."
He Chaoluo knew that Yang Ming had just visited his eldest daughter Yang Baozhu again.
In fact, He Chaoluo also followed him some time ago.
A cute looking little girl.
"Baozhu went back to class."
"Sir, those people in Soros seem to be well prepared." He Chaoluo said at the side.
In fact, this is a war of financial means.
Maybe He Chaoluo and others couldn't understand it at first, but Soros dared to challenge the entire European financial system with his own Quantum Fund?
However, from what he has learned over the past six months, He Chaoluo has become more and more aware of the horror inside.
In fact, this is also the strength of the Jews.
Of course, there are also many powerful financial experts around Yang Ming. In addition to whites, Chinese, Asians, and even Jews like Alina.
In other words, Yang Ming gathered these talents together to discuss how to deal with Solos and others, so that he could not only gain the maximum benefits, but also give Soros and others a lesson.
This is what Yang Ming wants to prepare.
"I made it impossible for him to come back."
. . .
before dinner.
Keira and Barlow came to see Yang Ming.
Now Yang Ming is very low-key, so low-key that the outside world doesn't know about him. Maybe they just think that Yang Ming is just coming to Country Y for vacation.
After all, in addition to watching football matches in Country Y, such as Manchester United matches, Yang Ming also watched some sports matches sponsored by Red Bull.
In addition, occasionally inspect the companies acquired by the Imperial Group in country Y.
Apart from this, Yang Ming rarely appears in the news.
In fact, Yang Ming didn't want those reporters to follow him, which would attract other people's attention.
And he did everything to deal with the current Soros and others.
At this time, countries including Country Y, Country D and other countries have laid out dragnets, just waiting for Soros to finally jump in.
In fact, Soros' money was originally the money of fund shareholders.
However, in history, the scale of Soros's Quantum Fund jumped from 15 billion US dollars to 1, then grew to 22 billion US dollars, making a huge profit of 7 billion US dollars. After this battle, Soros transformed into a world-class Super rich.
The Wall Street market has always been a zero-sum game. Some people make big profits, while others lose big money. Soros and others made a lot of money, and the one who paid for it was Country Y. (End of chapter)